- /: does not have such keyword or function
- -: same with Python
- a/b: both a and b
| Lang | C/C++ | Java | Python | Ruby | javaScript | go | swift | scala | php | julia | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| variable | / | / | / | / | var/let | var | var | var | / | / | 
| constant | const | / | / | / | / | const | let | val | define | / | 
| function | / | / | def | def-end | function | func | func | def | function | function-end | 
| class | class | class | class | class-end | class | / | class | class | class | / | 
| object | new | new | / | .new() | new | / | / | new | new | / | 
| if-else | if-else | if-else | if-elif-else | if-elsif-else-end | if-else | if-else | if-else | if-else | if-elseif-else | if-elseif-else-end | 
| library/module | #include | import | import | require/include | import | import | import | import | include/require | import/using | 
| inheritance | : | extends | / | < | extends | / | : | extends | extends | |
| Weird Degree | 3 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 
| Languages | C/C++ | Java | Python | Ruby | javaScript | go | swift | scala | php | julia | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Define | {} | {} | [] | [],Array.new,Array[] | [],Array() | var | var | [],Array{} | ||
| referance | - | - | - | -/.at | - | - | - | - | - | -/getindex | 
| sum | - | - | sum | .sum | - | - | - | - | - | - | 
| product | prod | |||||||||
| minimum/max | min/max | .min/.max | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| sorting | sorted/.sort | .sort | .sort | sort | ||||||
| deleting | del/.remove/.pop | .delete/.pop/.delete_at | .pop/.shift | .remove(,at:) | ||||||
| concatenate | extends | +/.append/.extend | +/.push/.concat/<< | .push/.concat | ||||||
| mapping | map | .map/.each | .map | map | ||||||
| finding | index | .index/.values_at | cat/vcat/hcat | |||||||
| containing | in | .include? | in | |||||||
| insert | .insert | - | .insert(,at:) | 
| Languages | C/C++ | Java | Python | Ruby | javaScript | Swift | Julia | Lua | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Define | "" | "" | ""/''/""""""/str() | -/%q/ <<~DOC ... DOC/String.new | -/String.new() | -/String() | - | ""/''/[[]] | 
| referance | - | - | [] | - | - | [Index] | - | string.sub | 
| mutable | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | 
| deleting | .strip | .chomp | ||||||
| concatenate | + | +/.concat/<< | - | +/.append | */string | .. | ||
| mapping | map | .each_byte | ||||||
| finding | index | .index | .search | findnext | string.find | |||
| containing | in | .include? | - | occursin | ||||
| split | .split | - | - | |||||
| join | .join | list.join(str) | list.join(str) | join | ||||
| replace | .replace | s[...]=.../.sub/.gsub | - | replace | string.gsub | 
| Python | Ruby | C/C++ | javaScript | Lua | Julia | Haskell | R | Java | Swift | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pip/conda | gem | conan | npm | luarocks | Pkg | Cabal/stock/nix | install.packages() | maven | spm | 
| requirements.txt | GemFile | MakeFile |