Add support for maths with constant numeric string

[VincentLanglet]

When doing math, constantString can be casted to ConstantInt by Phpstan to compute the result.
Closes phpstan/phpstan#8803

In the same way boolean can be casted to 0|1, I added a commit
Closes phpstan/phpstan#8827

[VincentLanglet]

Friendly ping @ondrejmirtes, I'm not sure if it's just a time-issue or if this PR got away from your notifications

[ondrejmirtes]

On one real world project, it shows 101 new errors.

One example:

	/**
	 * @return array<int, array<string, int>>
	 */
	public function getIdsByStatus(BankTransactionStatus $status): array
	{
		return $this->entityManager->createQueryBuilder()
			->select('bt.id')
			->from(BankTransaction::class, 'bt')
			->andWhere('bt.status = :status')->setParameter('status', $status)
			->addOrderBy('bt.id', 'ASC')
			->getQuery()
			->getArrayResult();
	}

PHPStan reports:

 ------ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Line   app/services/Bank/BankTransactionRepository.php
 ------ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  473    Method Slevomat\Bank\BankTransactionRepository::getIdsByStatus() should return array<int,
         array<string, int>> but returns array<int, array<string, int|null>>.
 ------ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The primary key really can't be null. The definition:

	#[ORM\Id]
	#[ORM\GeneratedValue]
	#[ORM\Column(type: 'big_integer', options: ['unsigned' => true])]
	#[Get]
	private ?int $id = null;

Another similar example:

			$id = $this->entityManager->createQueryBuilder()
				->select('c.id')
				->from(Campaign::class, 'c')
				->andWhere('c.hash = ?', $hash)
				->setMaxResults(1)
				->getQuery()
				->getSingleScalarResult();

PHPStan thinks the $id can be int|null but in fact can only be int.

[VincentLanglet]

On one real world project, it shows 101 new errors.

I think you meant to post this on phpstan/phpstan-doctrine#412
I'll take a look.

[ondrejmirtes]

Oh yeah, sorry :)

[ondrejmirtes]

Hi, type inference tests are great but the linked bug reports are about false positives in specific rules. Please also add regression tests for those rules. Thank you.

[VincentLanglet]

Hi, type inference tests are great but the linked bug reports are about false positives in specific rules. Please also add regression tests for those rules. Thank you.

I added non-regression tests for those rules :)

[VincentLanglet]

I rebased the PR, and the three failing build seems unrelated @ondrejmirtes :)

[VincentLanglet]

Friendly ping @ondrejmirtes, I rebased the PR. This should be ready to be reviewed :)

[ondrejmirtes]

Thank you!