The test suite uses the Python roman_datamodels package to generate test data, so you'll first need to create a Python environment and install the necessaries. The test-requirements.txt file lists the dependencies needed. Here's an example of creating an environment using conda:
$ conda create --name roman-datamodels-java python=3.13
...
$ conda activate roman-datamodels-java
$ pip install -r test-requirements.txt
...
The ASDF_JAVA_TESTS_PYTHON_PATH environment variable tells the test suite where to find the python binary for your new environment:
$ export ASDF_JAVA_TESTS_PYTHON_PATH=`which python`
Use maven's test command to run the tests:
$ mvn test
...